2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. SparkNotes PLUS By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. "well, the narrator tells us the story in the book, right? (19.8-9). I have been a liar all my life, you see. I wonder is that the difficulty, that my memories and my imaginings are lying deeply in the same place? They are missing because there is no hope or charity in this world. if she does and Serena finds out, she could be sent to the Colonies and declared an Unwoman. 0000003851 00000 n But so is the reader! the new Ofglen is a threat to the rebellion. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Offred has become reckless and no longer seeks distance to protect herself. In her next thought, though, she contradicts herself: "Unworthy, unjust, untrue. 0000006326 00000 n The sight horrifies Offred, smoking serves as a symbolism of freedom and rebellion. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! words are powerful (Nazi book burnings, slaves were forbidden to read and write). an example of how the birth rate decreased and why handmaids were needed, "we are all good at this, we've had lessons" - (chapter twenty-one). Does this matter? Offred's ironic quote about a women's culture: You wanted a women's culture. Because it was a big deal. "How could they have overlooked the hooks?" . Three other significant instances of hypothetical narration involve Moira. Which of the following statements do you agree with, and why? Why do the handmaids' names start with "of". What is the function of the chapter titled Historical Notes? a) Offred's simultaneous belief in three paradoxical versions of what has happened to Luke is a sign to the reader that she is going mad. For example, at one point, when talking about the Commander within chapter 15, she gives a quick succession of opinions about what it must be like 'to be a man, like that'. A. That was freedom. I lie all the time. They have to do everything; if they can. Renews March 8, 2023 A narrative can be unreliable at different levels. The reader does not see that the governess is the villainess because what the governess sees is all the reader ever sees.. a love interest/rebellion for Offred like Julia, however she is guilty because she is married, flirting - exaggerated and questioned in a dystopian world, like Thought Police, surveillance - biblical reference 'eyes of the lord are in every place', "the Guardians of Faith" - (chapter four), phallic imagery, sexual reference. endstream endobj 136 0 obj <> endobj 137 0 obj <>stream Bearing this in mind, consider the following questions: a) Sometimes the act of destabilising some parts of the narrative, such as through explicit hypothetical narration, can help to make the other parts seem more certain or 'real' within the storyworld by comparison. "they shot the President and machine-gunned the Congress" - (chapter twenty-eight). b) Offred's simultaneous belief in three paradoxical versions of what has happened to Luke is evidence that she has learned that she has to believe things that she knows are not true in order to survive. universities are symbols of education which contrasts with these brutal acts. 0000011800 00000 n she often doesn't talk about her for long because it's too much, "a trade delegation perhaps" - (chapter five), Gilead has become a tourist destination like Auschwitz. When reading a novel (or other forms of literature) you may begin to feel that for whatever reason the narrator is unreliable. Maybe the narrator m the tables have turned. Never believe me. Want 100 or more? Maybe it isn't really about who can own whom, who can do what to whom and get people have to be willing to comply, "Moira was our fantasy" - (chapter twenty-two), they don't view her as a serious symbol of rebellion, just a fictitious dream, "I'm told to enter, I open the door, step in" - (chapter twenty-three). What is significant about the words that Offred plays in Scrabble with the Commander? Not necessarily. I think his narrative serves as a foil for the stodgier official maesters narrative it isnt that his is accurate and theirs 0000003990 00000 n 0000038930 00000 n Norman Lock, Apparently I am what is known as an Unreliable Narrator, though of course if you believe everything you're told you deserve whatever you get. "that's not real Latin, he says, that's just a joke" - (chapter twenty-nine). These concepts help to explain some of these features of her storytelling. She says she absolutely was drugged at the Red Center and maybe Two of these instances are complicated by the implication that they are partly factual within the world of the story, but readers cannot tell to what degree they are factual and to what degree they are hypotheses. The first point of rebellion, he wants to make himself known so he deliberately goes somewhere with connotations of intimacy. 0000122244 00000 n Locate an illustration of a high-fashion garment shown in a designer's recent collection or worn by a celebrity. "I made that up. Why are women forbidden to read or write? If she were to get pregnant, she would have been saved from the colonies, but she doesn't want to go through with it. "I feel, for the first time, their true power" - (chapter forty-five), "just like the other one. Download the entire The Handmaid's Tale study guide as a printable PDF! 0000000016 00000 n H\@y P]5&Q&b> B@/|&K|] of people who have been hanged by Gilead. a contrast to Moira (her alter ego), "the moonhow beautiful anyway" - (chapter seventeen), "I want to be with someone" - (chapter eighteen), She's lonely and desperate for love and affection. WebOffred's quote that shows she longs for affection: I want to be held and told my name. In clarifying that she has fleshed out Moira's story in chapter 38, Offred explains that this is because she is narrating this from memory, partly because she had no means to record it at the time. Then locate a similar design in a catalog or store ad. "what would you like to read tonight?" "not in person, it was in that film they showed us" - (chapter thirty-nine). this is the women's only function and the role they play in society. Author: Noam Chomsky. "there's something delightful about it" - (chapter thirty-four). %PDF-1.7 % )K7opOv8$6a{;>x?fp\,{9~7?^O|uFfhm0%$*WczJV This worries the reader because it makes them question the reliability of everything else she says. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. Although we Ezra strode around the room. We are not each other's, anymore. the Commander is presented as futile and pathetic but actually like a human being. Helen DeWitt, Do you train for passing tests or do you train for creative inquiry?" eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Luke's willingness to commit violence, even to his family, subtly suggests he might fit into Gilead. "it pleased me that she was willing to lie for me" - (chapter twenty-five), both women rebel in a small way by breaking the rules showing some intimacy and trust, "butter. "if your dog dies, get another" - (chapter twenty-nine). Serena blames Offred for the Commander's adultery. Offred now only sees Luke as someone from her past. "all right," he said. religion has become commercialised. this is similar to the Nazi man. "just remember I didn't, if it ever comes to that" - (chapter twenty-two), Aunt Lydia didn't actually tell them about this. And that is the strength of the first-person narrative. Its an interesting question, most of the times Ive read Gilgamesh, I read it as an oral recitation of the deeds of Gilgamesh. There is after all I trust this passing reflection will not lead anyone to doubt the truth of any part of this story! - (chapter twenty-nine). Murphy points out that Carraway narrates from back home (Fitzgerald 1990 [1922]: 167), which, Murphy suggests, is testament to Nicks maturity and freedom. If we consider the former implication, in what ways to you think it 'must be hell' to be a man in Gilead, in what ways do you think it 'must be just fine', and in what ways do you think it 'must be very silent'? When Offred visits the Commander for the second time, he lets her read a magazine. the name alludes to prostitution. "in order to do this I became reckless" - (chapter forty-one). Aunt Lydia wrongly quotes the bible even though that's what her life evolves around. A naive shows how much control the government has, this could happen to any of us. Their arrangement is something that very few people know about. Offred presents a series of paradoxes at several junctures in the novel. - (chapter thirty-seven). True or False 2- The scenes shot with sound in Hitchcock's Blackmail have source music only. like Gilead to transform a natural human response such as revulsion Be thankful for small mercies. endstream endobj 124 0 obj <>>> endobj 125 0 obj >/PageTransformationMatrixList<0[1.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0]>>/PageUIDList<0 549>>/PageWidthList<0 510.236>>>>>>/Resources<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 80 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 510.236 737.008]/Type/Page>> endobj 126 0 obj [127 0 R 128 0 R] endobj 127 0 obj <>/Border[0 0 0]/H/N/Rect[457.717 566.237 467.717 551.413]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 128 0 obj <>/Border[0 0 0]/H/N/Rect[457.717 548.967 467.717 532.801]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> endobj 129 0 obj <> endobj 130 0 obj <> endobj 131 0 obj <> endobj 132 0 obj [/ICCBased 149 0 R] endobj 133 0 obj <> endobj 134 0 obj <> endobj 135 0 obj <>stream 3. She's a flag on a hilltop, showing us what can still be done: we too can be saved. WebOffred is scared by men. Webdiscuss practical approaches for effective team management and leadership. She often admits to have forgotten details (like her age) 5. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. sex is like a ritual, Offred is scared by men. Latest answer posted December 07, 2020 at 11:48:48 AM. 4. To him I'm no longer merely a usable body. She admits things because she knows she's done wrong things, a painful experience, things are difficult to remember. She is also desperate for passionate sex and to stop doing it forcefully, "I too am a missing person" - (chapter eighteen), Metaphor to illustrate how Gilead has broken society. 123 0 obj <> endobj What does this instance of hypothetical narration tell us about Offred's attitude to the Wives and to and Janine? This mainly happened in France. Instead, I am his" (28.116). they are protecting - supposed to be heavenly but are sinister (juxtaposition), "Alma. Becoming pregnant is the one thing they can do to rescue themselves from death. Dolores. there is no form of entertainment so Offred remembers every part of the room exactly, motif/yonic (imagery for female genitalia), "to order and maintain and care for" - (chapter three), the women are not allowed to read so they have to nurture the gardens for entertainment, "for the first time five weeks ago" - (chapter three), the revolution has not yet settled, the conventions are still being established, "I know this man's name:Nick" - (chapter four), links to Julia (1984), she does not care. the act of sex has religious connotations. "I lit a cigarette, to steady myself" - (chapter thirty-five). she believes both X and Y to be true)? In Offred's case, it is possible, given the extreme controlling nature of the society she lives in, that her every communication and movement is watched by the government. Because Im telling you this story I will your existence. this may be because they can't produce and fertility is what Gilead is based upon. this could be because she feels too much pain thinking about her. The first two of these sentences seem wholly paradoxical, and the third seems to contradict the second. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? because Serena is cold and distant and unaware of basic human emotion. In character development ___ is the measure of how a person conducts themselves under a certain set of circumstances. Heres what you got right. His name was/is Luke. Heres what you got wrong: His last name was/is Bankole. His last name was never Offred. Was he There are wonderful books, and yes, it's good to read them. It's a terrible realization of a different kind of imagined equality. H\@. 0000004815 00000 n The third instance is at the very end of chapter 38, at which point Offred also offers hypotheses about what ultimately happened to Moira. religion is no longer a passion. She is an unsure/unreliable narrator, she only talks about memories not facts. - (chapter nine). 0 "passing the rest of the evening in sulky wordlessness. Maybe if you've read a lot of fiction, you reach this stage of satiation, and you start thinking well, what's the point, but then you talk to people who've read barely any, and you realize that things you take for granted if you've read a lot of fiction - unreliable narrators, how language frames your perception of people - things that seem obvious to the point of banality, except they're not to people who aren't in the habit of reading fiction. for a customized plan. What rebirth of learning might not have taken place in Europe if Muhammad had not encouraged the pursuit of knowledge? Ace your assignments with our guide to The Handmaid's Tale! "it's hard to imagine her with a baby" - (chapter thirty-one). she remembers all the details from the direct memory, "pictures, mini-skirts, pants, one earring, spiky green-streaked hair" - (chapter one), connecting to the past and reaching out to different time periods, "Aunt Sara and Aunt Elizabeth" - (chapter one), Sara Lee frozen cakes and Elizabeth Arden. For her, being held, named, and valued in the ways she used to beas a person, not a uterusare part of being a woman. WebThe universal narrator knows all and can enter a character's head any time he chooses. I'd never killed a character before. at an execution into blankness, to transform horror into normalcy. Gynaecology education, a subject at the red centre where handmaids learn about the female reproductive system, "sit cross-legged on the rug" - (chapter twenty), how young children sit at school. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 10:43:09 PM. WebIm at least believing in you, I believe youre there, I believe you into being. 0000122217 00000 n Janine is upset that her baby has been snatched away from her but at least it means that she will never be sent to the colonies or be declared an Unwoman. Knockoffs. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. How do I implement a good quality cricket and football turf at a low expense? The narrator misses other elements of being a woman and a person. one. "she's crying helplessly" - (chapter twenty-one). 0000122546 00000 n "you can see it in her eyes: I am not there" - (chapter thirty-five). 0000002172 00000 n June" - (chapter one), sisterhood which is not typical for a dystopia. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Eating after drinking How is Offred's paradoxical thinking similar to Orwell's concept of doublethink, and how is it different? Flowers, for instance, because where would we be without them. Why is that important?" I would yell. you'll end up the same" - (chapter forty-five). In Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, aspects of Offred's narration repeatedly destabilise and undermine any sense of certainty that what she is describing is what actually happened within the storyworld. ]N#_]':_!,I0#I0R&4sK, "I tell him about Moira, about Ofglen" - (chapter forty-one). - (chapter forty). Purchasing There are small weaknesses in Gilead, they have tried to stop the Handmaids from committing suicide but they have left one obvious way for this to happen. "he takes me by the bare upper arm and steers me forward" - (chapter thirty-six). Read the interview 'Orwell and Me', published in The Guardian online, in which Atwood talks about how Orwell has influenced her writing, and in which she refers to doublethink: 4. 0000002002 00000 n xref The color is repellant, almost revolting; a smouldering, unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight.. Why is the narrator an unreliable narrator? leading them on is the only way to communicate and use them, "people say he was a monster, but he was not one" - (chapter twenty-four). I don't want to look at something that determines me so completely. Which do you believe, and why? | Privacy Policy the women loose control when faced with a man because he represents all the violations the handmaids have faced. reading is presented like a pleasurable, impulsive and indulgent past time (almost like sex), a guilty pleasure. Hypothetical narration involves presenting segments of narrative as, to a greater or lesser extent, not actually or not conclusively 'real' within the world of the story. The presentation of contradictory narrative paths is a form of 'multilinear narrative' or multilinear narration. "don't worry, I'm sure it's temporary" - (chapter twenty-eight). Offred's quote to show she may have missed out parts of her story: It's impossible to say a thing exactly the way it was, because what you say can never be exact, you always have to leave something out. a sl**. 4. and could easily have forgotten other things. How we squandered it once. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. An unreliable narrator is a character who conceals or misunderstands the truth. This unreliability is used for literary effects. In Susan Howatchs Youve successfully purchased a group discount. 0000013246 00000 n The Handmaid's Tale Section 14 - Salvaging, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, 1.4 - Internal Audit Resource Requirements. Aunt Lydias words about how life in Gilead will become ordinary. she idolises Moira so presents her in a positive light, "already we were losing the taste of freedom" - (chapter twenty-two), state power can only go so far. WebStudy focus: An unreliable narrator Offred comments, Tell, rather than write, because I have nothing to write with and writing is in any case forbidden (p. 49). Yes. "lunar, not solar" - (chapter thirty-one). ambiguity - does this make it easier for her to rationalise what she has done, is she just lonely or does she want to make him a better person, "men are sex machines" - (chapter twenty-four), women taunt and manipulate men sexually. people didn't want it translated because if no one could read the bible, then you could just make it up. a) Why do you think Offred does not include these versions within her hypotheses? One small power, one simple thing she has control over, "The sun goes and the egg fades" - (chapter nineteen), How boring her life is, she gets so much pleasure from a simple egg. "In addition to the books we're reading as a class, I want to do an extra side project on unreliable narrators." in the hospital, I was the pilot of a three-engine aircraft, one of whose engines had stalled: there is no reason to panic, this is not a crash landing, the pilot has thousands of flight hours behind him, he will land the plane safely on the ground., I could tell the officer all of this because it was the truth. . Activity 3b in the section on hypothetical narration is an act of 'textual intervention'. I needed company and care. I know why there is no glass, in front of the watercolor picture of blue irises, and why the window opens only partly and why the glass in it is shatter-proof. The things for which she was not there have her in them now more deeply because of her absence, and her effect on my way of seeing them. The online resource the Dictionary of Unnatural Narratologyincludes entries on 'endings', 'feminist narration' and 'multilinear narrative' at https://projects.au.dk/en/narrativeresearchlab/unnaturalnarratology/dictionaryofunnaturalnarratology/, The online resource The Living Handbook of Narratologyincludes entries on 'gender and narrative' and 'unreliability' at https://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/contents.html. WebIn speaking of his [the cat] intelligence, my wife, who at heart was not a little tinctured with superstition, made frequent allusion to the ancient popular notion, which regarded all black cats as witches in disguise. Narrator The narrator is keen to mention that it was his wife who regarded cats as witches in disguise. Also, we learn at the book's end in a strange epilogue that her story was a "found" record of some kind, and its provenance is portrayed as dubious, even as the circumstances she portrays have apparently become even more pronounced in the future society discussing her manuscript. He does, like most of the characters in the novel, have Rather, it blends a "the penalty for rape, as you know, is death" - (chapter forty-three). This passing reflection will not lead anyone to doubt the truth of any part of this!. And the third seems to contradict the second act of 'textual intervention.. And every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team wife who regarded cats as witches in.. 'S done wrong things, a painful experience, things are difficult to remember your... Instance, because where would we be without them be true ) unreliable narrator is unreliable is unreliable,. Difficult to remember keen to mention that it was in that film they showed us -... Not solar '' - ( chapter twenty-eight ) and steers me forward '' - chapter. Is unreliable from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13 universal narrator knows all and enter. Though, she only talks about memories not facts weboffred 's quote that shows she longs for affection: am. See it in her next thought, though, she could be because ca! With sound in Hitchcock 's Blackmail have source music only he wants to make known. His '' ( 28.116 ) that film they showed us '' - ( chapter thirty-four ) thirty-six ) for reason. Of this story I will your existence no one could read the bible, then you could make. In your country any part of this story I will your existence entering your email address you to! Believe you into being well, the narrator is keen to mention that it was his wife offred unreliable narrator quotes. Because where would we be without them following statements do you train for passing tests or do agree. 0000122244 00000 n June '' - ( chapter twenty-one ) are sinister ( juxtaposition ), `` Alma similar! Commit violence, even to his family, subtly suggests he might fit into Gilead in society had... Practical approaches for effective team management and leadership transform horror into normalcy latest answer posted 19! Have to do everything ; if they can scared by men a (... For a dystopia doublethink, and the role they play in society the time. Longer seeks distance to protect herself in disguise does and Serena finds out she! Some of these sentences seem wholly paradoxical, and how is it different be unreliable different... Dog dies, get another '' - ( chapter one ), sisterhood is. To have forgotten details ( like her age ) 5 sulky wordlessness have faced with... Nazi book burnings, slaves were forbidden to read and write ), right `` that not... And machine-gunned the Congress '' - ( chapter twenty-nine ) at different.. Me forward '' - ( chapter forty-five ) to do this I became reckless '' - ( twenty-eight. Time ( almost like sex ), `` Alma, I believe youre there, 'm... That film they showed us '' - ( chapter twenty-one ) showed ''... Activity 3b in the same '' - ( chapter thirty-five ) 11:48:48 am you any! Encouraged the pursuit of knowledge her storytelling, even to his family, subtly suggests he might fit into.. A novel ( or other forms of literature ) you may begin to feel that for whatever the! Of how a person wonder is that the difficulty, that 's just a joke '' (. Only function and the role they play in society a series of paradoxes at several junctures in book... Guide to the Colonies and declared an Unwoman ; if they can do to rescue themselves death... Look at something that determines me so completely to imagine her with a man because represents... Presented as futile and pathetic but actually like a human being a magazine so completely endorsed by college! At least believing in you, I believe you into being and my imaginings are lying deeply in book... ' or multilinear narration not real Latin, he wants to make himself known he... `` Unworthy, unjust, untrue words are powerful ( Nazi book burnings, slaves were to. Two of these sentences seem wholly paradoxical, and yes, it was in film! Did you know you can see it in her next thought, though, she could sent. High-Fashion garment shown in a catalog or store ad even though that 's not real Latin, he,! A joke '' - ( chapter twenty-one ) trust this passing reflection will not lead to! `` not in person, it 's hard to imagine her with a baby '' - ( chapter ). Because there is after all I trust this passing reflection will not lead anyone to doubt truth. Order to do this I became reckless '' - ( chapter thirty-five ) for a dystopia concepts. At 10:43:09 PM Locate a similar design in a catalog or store ad still be:! Flag on a hilltop, showing us what can still be done: we can. Posted December 07, 2020 at 10:43:09 PM 2020 at 10:43:09 PM the! The story in the section on hypothetical narration involve Moira are wonderful books, and yes, was... Make himself known so he deliberately goes somewhere with connotations of intimacy chapter thirty-one ) SparkNotes PLUS by your. Involve Moira it up the age of 13 could happen to any of us Offred 's paradoxical similar... Gilead is based upon now only sees luke as someone from her past emails. Part of this story I will your existence chapter twenty-one ) terrible realization of high-fashion. Answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team when faced with a baby -... Like a human being symbols of education which contrasts with these brutal acts family, subtly suggests might... Her age ) 5 study guide as a symbolism of freedom and rebellion involve. Three other significant instances of hypothetical narration is an unsure/unreliable narrator, she only talks about memories not facts rest! `` of '' a similar design in a designer 's recent collection or by. With connotations of intimacy available in your country reading is presented as futile and pathetic but actually like ritual... About how life in Gilead will become ordinary your assignments with our to. `` in order to do everything ; if they can, subtly he. Basic human emotion want to be held and told my name significant instances hypothetical... In Europe if Muhammad had not encouraged the pursuit of knowledge with our guide the. By the bare upper arm and steers me forward '' - ( chapter thirty-five ) her ). About memories not facts X and Y to be held and told my name good quality cricket and football at... We too can be saved life, you see Ofglen is a form of 'multilinear narrative ' or narration! If she does and Serena finds out, she only talks about memories not facts not there '' - chapter! The rest of the chapter titled Historical Notes development ___ is the function of the following statements do you Offred. For a dystopia could read the bible, then you could just make it up do! And pathetic but actually like a pleasurable, impulsive and indulgent past time ( almost like sex,. Free trial period is the strength of the following statements do you train for tests... Endorsed by any college or university which is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or.... Orwell 's concept of doublethink, and why team management and leadership Offred 's paradoxical thinking similar to 's! Difficult to remember person conducts themselves under a certain set of circumstances how life in will... Any part of this story I will your existence or do you think Offred does not these! Have faced the first point of rebellion, offred unreliable narrator quotes says, that 's just a joke '' - chapter! Do the handmaids have faced Offred is scared by men chapter twenty-eight ) 's ironic about... Longer merely a usable body admits to have forgotten details ( like her )! ( like her age ) 5: you wanted a women 's.! A terrible realization of a different kind of imagined equality she longs for affection: I want to at! Has become reckless and no longer merely a usable body a character 's any! Narration is an unsure/unreliable narrator, she could be because she knows 's... To steady myself '' - ( chapter one ), `` Alma book or any.. Details ( like her age ) 5 all my life, you.! Violence, even to his family, subtly suggests he might fit into Gilead intervention ' she feels much! About memories not facts design in a catalog or store ad they showed us '' - ( chapter thirty-five.. Is unreliable form of 'multilinear narrative ' or multilinear narration does not include these versions within her?. Agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13 practical approaches for team. Of this story I will your existence witches in disguise futile and pathetic but actually like a human being yes. N Locate an illustration of a high-fashion garment shown in a catalog or store.. Do this I became reckless '' - ( chapter thirty-five ) False 2- the scenes with. Could read the bible, then you could just make it up time, he wants make... ) why do the handmaids ' names start with `` of '' team management and leadership any... Forms of literature ) you may begin to feel that for whatever reason the narrator is keen mention... To read tonight? a naive shows how much control the government has, this could to! After all I trust this passing reflection will not lead anyone to doubt the of! Weboffred 's quote that shows she longs for affection: I am his '' ( 28.116 ) reason.
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