. We know that the Ewe-Fon of the Benin littoral have F, a system of geomancy that is accepted as cognate with the Yorb If. The dog is a special member of the Yorb family, and not just in the way that a pet would be, like a tortoise or a parrot. Out of 875 entries of substantives that serve as a vehicle for instances of we, I identified fourteen occurrences of the term in (horse), and the same number for a (cloth), ad (chicken) and od (river or stream) (see Table 9). What's the difference between white magic and black magic? Hadith of River Euphrates expalination about Gold mountain by Sheikh Imran Hoseinriver Farat. Again, the relative antiquity of the institution of ba in its y form, and of the office of the Olkn in in particular, interests us here. D'autres noms fournissent un support la communication entre les puissances numineuses et les tres vivants, en tant qu'acquiescement attentive ou lment d'une alliance propitiatoire. How can I salvage my relationship with my mother-in-law? Their rkr is, however, made from rr gb, the mane of a white ram, and never from the tail of a horse or of any other animal. Table 8 Names that incorporate the horse and rider predicates. 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Although dog names among the Yorb do not reflect the circumstances of the birth of the animal, as names of people do, they too encode the messages, admonitions, advice, aspirations and desires of their human owners and/or their families. . He writes, on the basis of a careful consideration of the evidence: More generally, the great diversity of West African equine vocabulary with its large number of apparently unrelated roots, tends to suggest that the spread of the horses within West Africa took place in relatively remote times. If a systematic inquiry into dog names and the culture of humananimal relations beyond mere ecological coexistence among the Yorb and the Btonu reveals a commonality that is also particular to the two groups or to the sub-region to which both belong, we would again like to use its conclusions to interrogate hypotheses about the external history of both peoples. In addition, Traditional Healer,Curse Removal, Herbalist,Remove Negative Energy, Spiritual Cleansing,Voodoo spells. Neither of these sources, of course, is responsible for any misapprehension or misstatement in what follows. Figure 1c rkr lk (paired beaded fly whisk). Good wishes are often referred to as prayers/blessings, and negative wishes are often regarded as curses. Efun Native Chalk Medicine Preparation, Benin City, Nigeria Conventional wisdom does not dispute the antiquity of the genetic relationship between the Yorb and the Igbo peoples. I have adopted Palau Marts list for the purposes of this study. He comments: Even in some cases where the language considers a process of addition to be cumbersome, it uses subtraction as an alternative approach. Figure 1b The ba of Baporo sits in state with adl and beaded fly whisk during the gn Ogenegene festival, jbu-Yorb. (Schottman Reference Schottman1993: 545), Table 5 provides gnomic expressions that recall the Yorb instances of dog names in Table 4.Footnote 24. Orta, it bears repeating, is not a point; it has dimensions; it is a space, an arena defined by encounters and exchanges. Consider the data in Table 2.Footnote 14 The list presents the names of boys and girls with the same mother by order of birth. In order to underscore the fundamental nature of the presence and force of the horse in Yorb we, I examined Owomoyela (Reference Owomoyela1988). . What do you call someone who does voodoo? Source: Abdn (2014: 110). 40 The clue to the first riddle mimics the sound of the hoofs of the horse or of horseshoes, which leave no trace on the granite outcrop in the horse's path. 11 We adopt Sans's convention of marking the middle tone for Btonu, with the macron above the orthographic element, but the Yorb orthographic symbols and for the IPA and . It is perhaps fitting to conclude this look at the phenomenon of the horse as plausible signifier of the autochthonous status of the Yorb in their West African homeland, and, on the basis of historical association, of the Btonu, with a section on riddles l pam in Yorb. : 6). The Euphrates is a sacred and virtuous river. Published online by Cambridge University Press: factors affecting course preference of senior high school students pdf. The lower left quadrant is afrkray, one who engenders happiness using the fly whisk assuming, that is, that rkr refers to a fly whisk made of a horse's tail. How to overcome financial problems with spiritual money spells? Good wishes are often referred to as prayers/bl. Ashe-Power: is an African philosophical concept through which the power to make things happen and produce change. Given the West Africa heritage in the Americas, there can be no doubt that The Dozens owes its origin to this West African antecedent (see Dollard Reference Dollard and Dundes1990; Wald Reference Wald2012). And, given the function of the riddle in the epistemological consciousness of a people, we should not be surprised that horse riddles, like horse we and horse metaphors, abound in Yorb and also in Btonu. Vowel harmony, however, may arguably spread among contiguous languages with but scant regard for extra-linguistic conditioning. See also Bowen's (Reference Bowen1858) dictionary. The presupposition that the military use of the horse from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century in intra-group wars impressed the figure of the animal so indelibly on the reality of the people leaves many questions unanswered. This is not all. who is the best traditional healer in south africa. Since it is conceivable that one culture borrows only a form or only a form and meaning without its sociological context, a cognate relationship that includes the latter might suggest a more intensive or more sustained relationship over a greater length of time. Your email address will not be published. For example, fingers are offsprings of the hand, m w in Yorb. It is, of course, conceivable that one or both of these peoples migrated to their present locations and then subscribed to the culture and symbolic codification of the first to arrive, or, through some unknowable conspiracy, to the culture of a third group that we need to identify. Al-A'raj narrated from Abii Huraira that the Prophet () said the same but he said, "It (Euphrates) will uncover a mountain of gold (under it). Names in columns one and two, on the other hand, feature complex predicates, usually referred to as a serial verb construction (the verbs underlined); this is perhaps the distinctive syntactic feature of the languages of the sub-region of Borgu and Yorb. This position, which informed virtually all of the chapters in Biobaku (Reference Biobaku1973), was espoused by Lucas and by scholars who have since considered his scholarship to be seminal. 1.Ijaya (To Frighten). The Euphrates is a sacred and virtuous river. But in twelve days, The Father returns to Olympus Footnote 1. This applies to the rm, the first-born son, of the reigning ba, and to r n Kaka--f, the Field Marshall of the Imperial y. 39 See also Akntnd Aknym (Reference Aknym2015). Does there exist a homologous institutional system among the Btonu, which would argue, as in appears to do, for the remoteness of the appearance and impact of the animal in the Yorb world and/or in association with the two peoples? The Btonu have offered hospitality to disaffected, dissident and defaulting Yorb princes. How do we identify strands of our adopted essence that link Borgu with the Persian Kisra, the Yorb with Lmrdu (Nimrod), and the Mandinka Sundjata with Bial, an illustrious associate and fellow Semite of Muhammad, Peace be unto Him? Law finds that the Borgu term for horse, duma, is cognate only to the Gurma term ontamu. This is closely related to 'Ijaya'. They are strictly intended for entertainment-related, educational and historical purposes. However, only a few of these African culture critics know that the western science also has its roots in the same principles as that of Africa. Consider that the Yorb pack the force, rationale, delivery, context and reception of the horse we in the following text: At this stage of our inquiry, it is unrealistic to pretend to be able to make any definitive statement about the scope of the horse we in Yorb, as there exists at least one horse we for every facet of Yorb reality or thought. Olkn in enjoyed unusual benefits of power distinct from ascribed authority. P a t r e o n: https://patreon.com/yorubalessons, P a y p a l: https://paypal.me/aderonkebabajide M y L i s t o f S u p p o r t e r s: http://freshwaters.website2.me/ It will mean a lot to me, and the funds will be put to good use, especially towards the upgrading and promotion of this channel, the promotion of the Yorb culture at large, and charity. Whereas the horse does not feature among the animals represented on pn If, Abidn (ibid. Source: Drewal and Mason (1998: 55). Feature Flags: { Yoruba Language. To extrapolate from the Igbo discourse, whereas the babalwo aspires to ride a horse to material success and recognition note, not to efficacy in divining in the horse we, the discourse and not the speaker is in the saddle. Despite being symbols par excellence, they unfortunately tend to codify only discrete etic meanings, and, for that reason, they travel very light. 28 The tassel of an ear of corn is also rk in Yorb, again from a morphological similarity, this time to rkr and not to the tail of a horse. That would still not leave us with much to support a Persian origin for the Btonu, and certainly not an Egyptian or Judaic one for the Yorb. (Palau Mart Reference Palau Mart1992, emphasis added). . What is the direction of change? Aucune donne plausible ne permet de suggrer que les Yorb et les Btonu ne sont pas des populations autochtones des territoires identifis comme leurs foyers nationaux au sud et l'ouest de la confluence du fleuve Niger et de la rivire Benue. for this article. Certain plants are meant to be exposed to the necessary incantation(s) and implementation of offerings in order to reap adequate results. Good wishes are often referred to as prayers/blessings, and negative wishes are often regarded as curses. 2 Fast Love Spells - Magic Spell Casting Online/ incantation/ powerful incantations,incantation in yoruba/ how to pronounce incantation/ An incantation, a spell, a charm, an enchantment or a bewitchery, is a magical formula intended to trigger a magical effect on a person or objects. 30 4). These ones are here showing incantation talents when their brothers in Ekiti State are busy slaying themselves. And is said to assist in enhancing the power derived from herbal medicines. This is also why I would agree with Robin Law (Reference Law1980) about the historical importance of the festival of so-sin, horse-tying, among the Ewe-Fon of the BeninTogo littoral. How many millennia did it take to engender the culture of the Btonu, a people whose once robust population has declined to no more than 400,000 within Nigeria, but that still straddles the BeninNigeria border? An "Ongn" refers to a herbalist, an "Olgn" is one of several terms for a medical practitioner, and a "Babalwo" is a priest/priestess. If the horse enjoys that association, how remote could its appearance in the Yorb world be? Associated with Virility, Masculinity, Fire, Lightning, Stones, Protector/Warrior, Magnetism. 7 The date and rate of the desiccation depends on whether one considers it abrupt and due to changes in the Earth's orbit (see American Geophysical Union 1999), or attributes it to human activities (see Hays Reference Hays2017). which one of these is covered by a specific type of insurance policy. This type of practise is concerned with the elimination of symptoms. 2 Virgil, Aeneas IV in Mack (Reference Mack1995). (Schottman Reference Schottmann.d.). It therefore raises more than mere intellectual curiosity that the post-contactFootnote 6 storytellers of both the Yorb and the Btonu embrace myths of a Middle Eastern origin in the same way as they embrace those of all the Mandinka and kindred cultures that claim the Sundjata epic (Sisoko 1 and 2). Their origin, too, may lie in the lap of If. Dog names often take the form of axiomatic gnomic expressions, as shown in Table 4. Phrases relating to horses and their equipment, Names that incorporate the horse and rider predicates, https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parent__plaisanterie, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariba_people, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_people, https://ich.unesco.org/en/dcisions/9.COM/10.31, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisra_legend, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/07/990712080500.htm, https://www.upi.com/Scientists-say-humans-may-have-triggered-desertification-of-the-Sahara/9811489520599/. Is prayer an incantation? In this regard, contrary to Sans's notion of simplicity, which favours the subtractive tnannsr, the longer ynd+k+nb+k+ta is both analysable and more generalizable, as shown in Table 1. It is a charm used in frightening an enemy or an antagonist. How To Get A Man To Marry You Within 1 Month, HOW TO GET FORTUNE TELLER IN SOUTH AFRICA, HOW TO GET LEGITIMATE PSYCHIC MEDIUMS IN SOUTH AFRICA, How to go back in time in Detroit Michigan, How to know if someone is using muthi on you, How to make a difficult woman fall in love, How to make a love potion for your crush that really works. In the case of the Btonu and the Yorb, if we ask how long any set of such items may have taken to differ significantly from each other, if that is the case, or how long they took to acquire typological similarity, if not similarity of form, meaning and usage, we may have reason to be gratified by what we learn about these two peoples. Source: Drewal and Mason (Reference Drewal and Mason1998: 223). . The female body overflows dangerously but necessarily once a month; insects and worms in the body can overflow their "bags" in the body if they are given too much sweet (tasty) food. Incantations are used when the act of wishing is being carried out; a wish may be positive, negative or both. and While the claim that allopathic approaches, of which orthodox medicine is a form, is only occupied with getting rid of the symptoms rather than concerned with identifying and removing the causes of illness is not entirely true (e.g., the link between STDs and casual intercourse), homeopathic adherents would suggest that Yorb medicine performs three distinct functions: Modern orthodox medicine has a place for this concept whereby all aspects of the patients needs, psychological, physical and social, and mentally are said to be taken into account and seen as a whole. As Oylrn and Adwl (Reference Achebe2007) insist, properly speaking, ork does not refer to the praise or adulation of anyone or anything. We have no plausible evidence to suggest that the Yorb and the Btonu are not autochthonous populations of the territories identified as homelands for them south and west of the confluence of the rivers Niger and Benue. [2]TheEnglish languageborrowed the. This article uses tangible linguistic and cultural data to question hypotheses of migration from the Middle East, with echoes of Semitic heritage. This may include herbs in the form of an infusion, enema, etc. (Palau Mart Reference Palau Mart1992). How do you get your woman back from another man? And, when a dog becomes rabid, when it dies, or when it has to be put to sleep, the household experiences a trauma nearly as great as when the family loses a human member. Apart from names of children born with peculiar presentations through the uterine passage for example, g, foot-first orientation or with unusual physical features such as extra digits (olgbdi) or with locks of hair (dda), most Yorb names are either whole clauses or, as a minimum, simplex predicates. If the order of birth names have other referential meanings in Btonu, as Schottman (Reference Schottmann.d.) 18 See Bintou Day, Festival sinankunya by Santos: a use of sources, Malisnews.com, 7 April 2016. 4 This study was first presented at the Colloque Internationale Borgu 98 at the Universit Nationale du Bnin, held in Parakou and Nikki, 69 April 1999. In a similar fashion, terms for body parts are used metaphorically to codify notions of location: for example, nu un n, mouth of pathway, for entrance (Yorb: nu or mouth); etd, river ear, for river bank (Yorb: et or ear); yn la, back of tomorrow, for future. In Africa there are so many herbs and plants that can be used in healing, that only someone with a "trained eye" can take full advantage of their functions. Some people also use it when requesting money from a miser, tight-fisted friend or wealthy man. what happens when you eat pork while using isiwasho. Why are people always interfering in my relationship? D'un ct, des lments apparents clairement identifiables plaident en faveur d'une relation historique durable entre ces deux peuples ; de l'autre, des lments probants partags avec d'autres peuples et cultures de la sous-rgion cartent toute suggestion de conspiration pour migrer du Moyen-Orient vers l'Afrique de l'Ouest dans quelque pass historique dcouvrable. Of these sources, of course, is cognate only to the Gurma term ontamu Mack. Palau Mart Reference Palau Mart1992, emphasis added ) rider predicates of axiomatic gnomic expressions, as Schottman Reference! 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State are busy slaying themselves Imran Hoseinriver Farat busy slaying themselves incantation talents when their brothers in Ekiti are! Law finds that the Borgu term for horse, duma, is cognate only to the necessary (. Busy slaying themselves Protector/Warrior, Magnetism and black magic, dissident and defaulting Yorb princes 223. Palau Marts list for the purposes of this study, Voodoo spells is said assist... Mart Reference Palau Mart1992, emphasis added ) magic and black magic represented on pn If, Abidn ibid! Neither of these is covered by a specific type of practise is with! Schottman ( Reference Bowen1858 ) dictionary of the hand, m w in Yorb twelve days, the Father to... Purposes of this study enemy or an antagonist ba of Baporo sits in state with adl and beaded whisk. 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